很多同学既有很高的GPA，托福，GRE分数，也有丰富的科研背景或实习经历，但为什么最后申请的结果却不尽人意，甚至满盘皆输呢？关键一点就是本科的课程是否满足了美国研究生院的申请要求。

   由于中美本科教育的差异化，尤其在专业课深度和宽度上，存在着很大的区别。要想成功的拿到大学的offer，本科阶段的选课规划和专业知识的学习就显得格外重要了。

接下来，就列举几个同学们常申专业的先修课要求：

 

一. 计算机专业

由于计算机相关的专业热度居高不下，很多非计算机专业的申请者会考虑转专业申请。尽管计算机科学项目欢迎工科商科甚至文科等不同背景的申请者，建议同学们尽可能多修相关课程，满足系里的申请门槛，同时提高自己的竞争优势。

结合以下院校对先修课的要求，计算机科学的先修课可以概括为以下几类：

1.  数学类

Linear Algebra

Calculus I,（II）

Discrete Mathematics

Probability and Statistics

 Numerical Analysis

Differential Equations

2. 计算机类

Introduction to Programming Problem Solving & Programming Computer Architecture

Data Structures (Arrays, Lists, Pointers)

Principles of Computer Systems 或者Operating Systems Algorithms

Introduction to Discrete Structures Machine Structures

Programming Language: JAVA, Matlab, Python, C/C++, R

3. 系统类

Windows, MacOS, Linux

举例几个具体院校选修课要求：

卡耐基梅隆大学

Mathematics

Linear Algebra (Inversion, Eigen Decomposition, Null Space) Linear Differential Equations (Matrix Algebra, Matrix manipulation) Calculus (Derivatives, Gradients, Chain Rule)

Probability and Statistics Numerical Integration Fourier Analysis

Optimization (convex optimization, Levenberg-Marquardt, sparse optimization)

Programming knowledge

Data structures

C/C++, JAVA, Matlab, Python

OpenCV, VLfeat, Matlab Image processing toolbox GPU (CUDA, OpenCL)

Software

Productivity software (MS office, iWork, OpenOffice) Windows, MacOS, Linux

LaTeX

Photoshop (or equivalent)

哥伦比亚大学

You should have an undergraduate degree in computer science or a related discipline. If your undergraduate degree is in a different field, you are required to have completed at least four computer science courses covering foundations of the field and basic programming, and two mathematics courses. For example, Intro to Computer Science (COMS W1004 or COMS W1007), Advanced Programming (COMS W3157), Data Structures and Algorithms (COMS W3134 or W3137), which is a prerequisite for most of our graduate-level courses, or/and Discrete Math (COMS W3203).

康奈尔大学

Object-Oriented Programming and Data Structures (e.g., CS 2110) Data Structures and Functional Programming (e.g., CS 3110) Computer System Organization and Programming (e.g., CS 3410) Discrete Structures (e.g., CS 2800)

Basic Calculus and Linear Algebra

 

加州大学圣地亚哥

Before applying to our program, you should definitely have mastered the equivalent of the following courses:

• CSE 8A-B or 11; CSE 12 and preferably CSE 30

• CSE 20 and probably CSE 21

• CSE 100 and preferably 101

Background in some or all of the following is also recommended:

· Hardware and architecture: 140 and 141, preferably with labs

· Systems and Software: CSE 120, 130, 131A-B

· Theory: CSE 105

 

 

二．金融工程（数学）

美国的金融工程硕士看重学生的相关知识储备，包括数学技能，计算机技能，以及金融知识综合多个院校的金融工程专业要求，金融工程项目的先修课可以概括为以下几类：

数学

Calculus （Differential Calculus，Integral Calculus，Multivariate Calculus）

Probability

Linear Algebra

Differential Equations

Stochastic Processes

计算机

Computer literacy:

R, Python, C, or C++

商科或金融

An Introductory Finance Course

常见院校金融工程先修课要求：

哥伦比亚大学

 

金融工程

All applicants to all our graduate programs should have a solid foundation in mathematics, including multivariate calculus, linear algebra (MATH V2010 or its equivalent) and probability and statistics (IEOR E3658 & IEOR E4307, IEOR E4150 or their equivalent). Some programming proficiency is desirable, such as Python, R, etc.   

金融数学

Prerequisites

Applicants should have a very good working knowledge of calculus, linear algebra, elementary differential equations, probability and statistics, and a programming language.

Exposure to advanced calculus and mathematical analysis, including measure theory, is desirable but not required.

Texts recommended for self-study:

Ross: “A First Course in Probability”

Mood, Graybill & Boes: “Introduction to the Theory of Statistics”

Rudin: “Principles of Mathematical Analysis”

 

芝加哥大学

Mathematics：Multivariable calculus, linear algebra, and probability

Computer programming skills：Especially in C++ or other object-oriented languages, as well as experience in Python, will have an advantage in the Program. All students are required to take a 400 units of computing coursework within the FINM degree program.

约翰霍普金斯大学

•Calculus, through multivariable calculus

•Linear algebra

•Differential equations

•Probability and statistics

•Microeconomics and macroeconomics*

•Computer programming (e.g., in C++)

•At least two proof-writing courses 

JHU 网申Applied Mathematics & Statistics Supplementary Information

Core Courses：

Linear Algebra，Probability (Calculus- Based)，Differential Equations

Advanced Courses

Real Analysis， Optimization，Mathematical Statistics，Measure Theory

Other

Functional Analysis，Partial Differential Equations，Numerical Analysis，Macro Economics(Financial

Mathematics applicants only)，Micro Economics(Financial Mathematics applicants only):

Computing Experience

C，C#/C++，Java，VBA，Excel，SQL，MATLAB，R，PYTHON/PERL

 

三．商业分析

作为一门新兴专业，大数据的流行使商业分析硕士项目的申请热度不减。商业分析硕士看重学生的定量技能，编程能力

和商业类知识储备。该专业对申请者的要求可以概括为几个方面：

第一：数学,统计

Linear Algebra

Calculus I

Calculus II

Probability and Statistics

第二：计算机

Computer programming course in a general programming language such as C, C++, Java, or Python

Statistical, econometrics and mathematical applications and tools (for example, SAS, Stata, MatLab, R).

第三：商科

Introduction to Macro microeconomics

Introduction to Financial Accounting

Introduction to Finance

具体院校商业分析先修课：

南加州大学

Applicants must complete a statistics course before applying. This is to ensure applicants will be successful in our program.

Eligible statistics courses must be taken for credit from an accredited college or university, and must cover all of the following topics:

Basic probability

Probability distributions (normal, exponential, etc.)

Inferential statistics such t-tests, and Chi-square test, confidence intervals, and sampling

Intro to linear regression

康奈尔大学

Calculus sequence, including linear algebra (with eigenvalues and eigenvectors), and vector

Calculus, similar in content and rigor to Cornell courses MATH 1910, MATH 1920, and MATH 2940.

An introductory engineering probability and statistics course similar in content and rigor to Cornell course ENGRD 2700.

 

从以上专业和院校的要求不难看出，都有对数学，计算机编程相关的先修课要求。因此同学们要在本科阶段做好合理的规划，利用一切途径来弥补先修课的缺失或不足，不但要有修过这些课程而且成绩也一定要优秀，这样才能在激烈的美国硕士申请中博得筹码，在众多申请者里取得先机。

关于其他专业或者院校的具体要求，可以向我们详细的咨询了解！